AN ANALYSIS OF STUDENT SPEAKING SKILL USING ROLE PLAY METHOD

One of the skills that must be mastered in learning English is speaking. However, many people do not have the confidence to speak English because of several problems, both in grammar, vocabulary, pronunciation or fluency. One of the many methods that can improve speaking skills is role-playing. The purpose of the study is to find out whether role-playing techniques can improve students' speaking skill or not. It turns out that from several opinions of students that the speaking skills of students can practice pronunciation, and can increase vocabulary. Based on the data, it can be concluded that roleplaying techniques can improve students' speaking skills.


INTRODUCTION
Language is our means of communicating between one person and another. Without language, we will not be able to interact with other people around us. The development of English as a global language strengthens its position as a lingua franca (Rahmawati & Ertin 2014). Based on the Ministry of National Education (2003: 6), the process of learning English includes listening, reading, speaking, and writing as a form of oral and written cycles.
It is believed that speaking is categorized as an important skill. That's because people can communicate by talking to others. Even according to Rees (2004) states "speaking is fundamental to human communication". Communication can help people to interact with others. Basically, action instruments can be classified in speech (Clark & Clark, 1997). Komorowska (2005) as cited in Asyid, Nurdiansyah, and Parmawati (2019) basic aim of language learning nowdays is communication and vocabulary plays an important role in conversation.In line with the above statement, Brown said that speaking is a productive skill that can be observed directly and empirically (Brown, 2004). The importance of speaking has been known by people throughout the world. On the other hand, many people still have difficulty speaking English.
Many researchers around the world conducted research on speech problems, one of which was a Turk. He stated that too many professionals were nervous about talking and worried that they did not speak well (Turk, 2003). It is believed that doubt can be one of the problems in speaking English. Nervous is also one of the big problems that distract people when speaking English. It's about problems in people's minds.
Speaking is one of skill in English. There are 4 main skills in English: Listening, speaking, reading, and writing. Speaking skills is a productive skill. Since speaking is a productive skill, it is rather difficult to learn speaking skills. People must enrich their words or vocabulary in order to communicate with the other. Speaking is an active person who usually uses their daily life skills to communicate and share some ideas. As stated by Efrizal (2012), speaking is one way to transfer ideas and messages verbally. Brown (2007:4) as cited Parmawati (2018) defines speaking as an interactive process of constructing meaning that involves producing, receiving and processing speach of sounds as the main instrument. Widdowson (1994) stated that speaking is the active production of skill and use of oral production. Mackey (2001:79) defines that speaking is an oral expression that involves not only the use of right patterns of rhythm and intonation but also right order to convey the right meaning. While Thornbury (2005: IV) says that speaking is an interactive and requires the ability to cooperate in the management of speaking turn. Chaney (1998) also said that speaking is a process of building and sharing meaning through the use of verbal and non-verbal symbols in a variety of contexts. Speaking is one indicator to know someone's ability in some language. As stated by Irianti & Muja (2017), speaking also becomes an indicator of someone's ability in one particular language. It was concluded that speaking of the active and important skills that were used for transferring ideas, and with speaking, it could be an indicator of someone's ability in one particular language.
Role play is one method for teaching, speaking skills. "Role play can be a very effective tool in the teacher's hands, as its major goal is to boost student participation in the classroom, to promote learning in the theoretical knowledge of a language in practice" (Kusnierek, 2015). According to Rahman, Yassi, & Arafah (2016) "role play permits a lot of students chance to speak since they are the subject of learning, through role play students get a lot of time to speak". Rahayu (2015) also stated that role play is a procedure that involves students taking on a role and carrying out conversations with each person playing their part. It is also highly flexible, leaving much more choice for the exercise of individual distinction, initiative, imagination, and role simulation as well.
Larsen Freeman (2000: 68) stated that role play is important in the communicative approach because it gives the learners an opportunity to practice how to communicate in different social contexts and different social roles. A role play is a highly flexible learning activity, which has a wide scope for variation and imagination.
In defining role play, Byrne (1986: 115) gave comments that role play is a portion of drama motion. In specific ways, he explained that there are three terms to cover the drama activity. They are mimed (mimicry-memorization), role play, and simulation. He has distinguished the terms as follows: 1. Mime, the members do actions without using words (although as we shall see, this activity leads naturally on to talk). 2. Roleplay, participants interrelated either as themselves in making believe situations. 3. Simulation, that includes role play as describes above. However, for this motion, there is a problem that has been defined for them. As a statement stated above, role play is commonly used in teaching English speaking skills because it makes it difficult for students to communicate with other students, imagination, and their ideas will be presented well.

METHOD
This research is mainly descriptive qualitative. Descriptive research draws the collected data without any of the goals to get a general conclusion (Sugiyono, 2012). This study is conducted in IKIP Siliwangi Bandung. There are five participants in the research.
This study employs some data collection techniques, using one questionnaire instrument, classroom observation, interviews, and document analysis as triangulation. The data analysis in this study is conducted over the course. All data were collected from data collections are analyzed gradually. The data from the questionnaire are transcribed and subsequently categorized, then interpreted to answer the research questions. The triangulations from the interview, classroom observation, and analysis documents are also interpreted descriptively.

Results
The

Discussion
Based on table 1 above, five students gave an explanation of their opinions about English. S1 argues that English is the second language or commonly called the international language of English is also always used as a modern language by children today. Whereas S2 said English could help us to speak and also as a speaking exercise so that we understood when foreigners asked us. S3 adds the opinion that English is a world-wide language or can be called international. Then S4 explains that English is a language that is often used when there are meetings between countries and languages that are often used by students. And the explanation from the S5 is also almost the same as the other explanation that English is important to us because some companies are looking for people who can speak English.
From table 1 above, there are 5 students in the study revealing their paradigm phenomena about the importance of English. They all say that English is important. That's because English is categorized as one of the international languages. S1 and S5 add importance to English, which is to facilitate future work. And S1 also added that with English we could achieve a higher proposition, and be able to travel the world, even get scholarships. While S2 said that with English we could speak English not only Arabic and Indonesian, and to be easier to talk with strangers. While S3 says that English is important, moreover we learn , because English has become an international language, so everyone must be able to speak little by little. Even S4 also argues that English is a language that is often used in the present era in technology and sophistication. Therefore, English affects many aspects of life. Be it in business, work, education, etc. Their awareness of the importance of English can be a motivation to improve their skills in foreign languages.
Besides table 1 above, there are 5 students responding to the role play method that can improve speaking skills. Of the 5 students, almost all of their opinions were the same that the role play method trained us in speaking. Like the opinion of the S1 that the role play method can improve speaking skills because in the role play method we talk a lot. Whereas according to S2 and S4 the role play method can practice our pronunciation in speaking. And S3 says that the role play method is very fun when practiced in class. Explanations from S5 are also almost the same as other opinions that the role play method can multiply vocabulary and pronunciation. These statements are reinforced by Rahman, Yassi, & Arafah (2016) "role play permits a lot of students chance to speak since they are the subject of learning, through role play students get a lot of time to speak". From table 1 above, there are 5 students who respond when difficulties in practicing the role play method. S1 and S5 say the difficulty in practice is when writing and pronunciation are different. Whereas S2 holds the difficulty, namely when pronouncing difficult vocabulary. Unlike the S3's opinion, the difficulty is that the role play method must be memorized. Whereas the opinion of S4 has difficulty not being confident when speaking in public.
Besides table 1 above, there are 5 students who think about the best way to practice the role play method, is it better with friends or alone. All students think that practicing better with friends compared to themselves because according to them is cooler and can ask when they do not understand. S1, S2, and S4 are better to practice with friends. Meanwhile, according to S3, it is better with friends because if we cannot, we can ask friends. And according to S5, it's better with friends because while practicing.

CONCLUSION
From the results and discussion above, first students can give their opinions about English. From all the answers, it can be concluded that English is an international language and has become global so that at this time it is very important to learn because some companies need people who can speak English. In addition, English is also a modern language used by children today.
The second aspect, we can conclude about the phenomenon of their paradigm about the importance of English. All of them say that English is really an important language because it affects many aspects in many ways, especially because English is an international language, it will affect business, work, education and help people go abroad and communicate with others.
The third aspect, students responding to the role play method can improve speaking skills. And almost all of their opinions are the same that the role play method trains us in speaking and practicing pronunciation. As stated by Rahman, Yassi, & Arafah (2016) "role play permits a lot of students chance to speak since they are the subject of learning, through role play students get a lot of time to speak". In addition, the role play method also feels fun for students because students do not feel like they are learning but like dialogue as usual.
The fourth aspect, which responds when it is difficult to practice the role play method, is that the writing and pronunciation are different so that it is difficult to pronounce, besides that there are also often vocabulary words that are difficult to pronounce. The role play method is a method that involves students taking roles and having conversations with everyone who plays their role. And some of them find it difficult to memorize conversation texts, and also don't have confidence when speaking in public.