Google Sites-Based Mission Book: Development of Learning Media to Improve Early Childhood Concentration

Abstract

Concentration is a crucial skill supporting the learning process in early childhood; however, many children still struggle to focus their attention, follow instructions, and complete tasks during lessons. This situation prompted the development of the "Mission Book"—an interactive learning tool based on Google Sites. This study aimed to develop the Google Sites-based Mission Book, describe improvements in early childhood concentration, and identify challenges encountered during its implementation. The study employed the Research and Development (R&D) method using the ADDIE model. Participants included 5 children in the limited trial, 15 children in the field trial, and 2 "Group A" teachers. Data were collected through observation and interviews, then analyzed using quantitative descriptive analysis (percentages and normalized gain/N-gain) and qualitative descriptive analysis. The results indicated that the media achieved feasibility ratings of 93.75% from content experts, 94.44% from media experts, and 87.50% from practitioners, placing it in the "highly feasible" category. The media was also effective in increasing children's concentration from 54.4% to 87.2%, with an N-Gain score of 0.72 (high category). Implementation challenges were limited to the initial adaptation phase and diminished as learning progressed. Thus, the Google Sites-based Mission Book is a feasible and effective tool for enhancing concentration in early childhood education.