KONSELING DIGITAL DAN DUKUNGAN AI DALAM PENGEMBANGAN SUMBER DAYA MANUSIA: TINJAUAN SISTEMATIS
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.22460/fokus.v9i3.30604Keywords:
Digital counseling, Artificial intelligence, Human resource developmentAbstract
The Indonesian employee mental health crisis issue can be mitigated through the innovation of digital counseling and the support of artificial intelligence (AI). This research adopts the approach of a systematic literature review (SLR) with the aid of the PRISMA technique covering twelve (12) articles published between 2021 and 2025 from the databases of Science Direct, PubMed, SAGE Open, and Taylor and Francis. The research aimed to determine the efficacy of digital counseling and AI on employees' psychological well-being, productivity, and retention, and to identify the facilitators and barriers to implementation. Additionally, it sought to ascertain the ethical issues arising from the recommendations of governance theories. The research showed that digital counseling can improve accessibility and reduce stigma; however, it is ineffective in addressing issues related to data privacy and unresolved emotions associated with AI. The positive impact on adoption is determined by corporate social responsibility, emotional support from leaders, and organizational supportive features. To summarize, the meaningful integration of humans and digital counseling, coupled with thorough ethical governance structures and genuine leadership, is crucial to the success of digital counseling and organizational performance.
References
Atay, S., Müftüoğlu, C. T., Gülmez, N., & Şahin, M. (2025). Society 5.0 and human-centered technology: Redefining talent management in the digital age. Sustainable Futures, 9. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sftr.2025.100733
Bibi, M., Tan, T. G., & Yao, H. (2025). Exploring the Impact of AI Capabilities on Employee Well-Being: A Mediated Moderation Analysis. SAGE Open, 15(3). https://doi.org/10.1177/21582440251361981
Brooks, H., Irmansyah, I., Syarif, A. K., Pedley, R., Renwick, L., Rahayu, A. P., Manik, C., Prawira, B., Hann, M., & Brierley, H. (2023). Evaluating a prototype digital mental health literacy intervention for children and young people aged 11–15 in Java, Indonesia: a mixed methods, multi-site case study evaluation. Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Mental Health, 17(1), 79.
Candra, S., Frederica, E., Putri, H. A., & Loang, O. K. (2025). The UTAUT approach to Indonesia’s behavioral intention to use mobile health apps. Journal of Science and Technology Policy Management, 16(5), 892–911.
Carter, A., Mason, B., & Bajorek, Z. (2025). Effectiveness of an Employee Wellbeing Coaching Programme Delivered Across Primary Healthcare in England. International Journal of Human Resource Development: Practice, Policy and Research, 9(1). https://doi.org/10.2478/ijhrd-2025-0002
Cooke, A., Smith, D., & Booth, A. (2012). Beyond PICO: the SPIDER tool for qualitative evidence synthesis. Qualitative Health Research, 22(10), 1435–1443.
Eleanor, A. (2024). Kesehatan Mental dalam Dunia Kerja: Tantangan dan Tanggung Jawab Negara Menuju Indonesia Emas 2045. Jurnal Identitas, 71–96.
Fiske, A., Henningsen, P., & Buyx, A. (2019). Your robot therapist will see you now: Ethical implications of embodied artificial intelligence in psychiatry, psychology, and psychotherapy. Journal of Medical Internet Research, 21(5). https://doi.org/10.2196/13216
Gyee, K. M., Mroueh, L., Bruand, P. E., Min, S., Kleinebreil, L., Ohmmar, Tun, Y. M., Preux, P. M., Myint, W. A., & Boumediene, F. (2022). Empowering health workers and leveraging digital technology to improve access to mental health and epilepsy care: A longitudinal quasi-experimental study in Hlaing Thar Yar Township. The Lancet Regional Health - Southeast Asia, 5. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.lansea.2022.100052
Kim, B. J., & Lee, J. (2025). AI adoption, employee depression and knowledge: How corporate social responsibility buffers psychological impact. Journal of Innovation and Knowledge, 10(6). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jik.2025.100815
Lame, G. (2019). Systematic literature reviews: An introduction. Proceedings of the Design Society: International Conference on Engineering Design, 1(1), 1633–1642.
Lestariningsih, E., Untari, Y., Dewi, R. K., Daulay, S. F., Tusya’ni, A., & Faris, M. (2024). The importance of counseling centers for the mental health of statistical employees.
Lewis, J., Coursol, D., & Wahl, K. H. (2003). Researching the Cybercounseling Process: A Study of the Client and Counselor Experience.
McCrickard, M. P., & Butler, L. T. (2005). Cybercounseling: A new modality for counselor training and practice. International Journal for the Advancement of Counselling, 27(1), 101–110. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10447-005-2255-x
Meng, Q., Wu, T. J., Duan, W., & Li, S. (2025). Effects of Employee–Artificial Intelligence (AI) Collaboration on Counterproductive Work Behaviors (CWBs): Leader Emotional Support as a Moderator. Behavioral Sciences, 15(5). https://doi.org/10.3390/bs15050696
Mohanty, V., Waghe, A., & Mundhe Professor, S. D. (2023). Employee Well-Being: An Empirical Study On Its Effect On Job Satisfaction In Manufacturing Sector. Issue 8. Ser, 25.
Montemayor, C., Halpern, J., & Fairweather, A. (2022). In principle obstacles for empathic AI: why we can’t replace human empathy in healthcare. AI & Society, 37(4), 1353–1359.
Motsomotso, M. (2025). The Impact of Workplace Counselling on Employee Performance. Indonesian Journal of Advanced Research, 4(4). https://doi.org/10.55927/ijar.v4i4.14153
Nawaz, N., Arunachalam, H., Pathi, B. K., & Gajenderan, V. (2024). The adoption of artificial intelligence in human resources management practices. International Journal of Information Management Data Insights, 4(1). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jjimei.2023.100208.
Parinsi, W. K., & Musa, A. D. L. (2025). AI and Employee Well-being: A Case Study of Mental Health Chatbot Implementation in a Tech Company. Journal Management & Economics Review (JUMPER), 2(9), 293–298.
Philippi, P., Baumeister, H., Apolinário-Hagen, J., Ebert, D. D., Hennemann, S., Kott, L., Lin, J., Messner, E.-M., & Terhorst, Y. (2021). Acceptance towards digital health interventions–model validation and further development of the unified theory of acceptance and use of technology. Internet Interventions, 26, 100459.
Pratama, R., Sulistiyo, U., Sadikin, A., & Wijaya, H. A. (2025). Understanding AI acceptance among Indonesian pre-service teachers: the mediating role of anxiety and self-efficacy in a UTAUT framework. Journal of Applied Research in Higher Education, 1–14.
Rokhim, R., Takwin, B., Basrowi, R. W., Soemarko, D. S., Rahadian, A., Ekowati, M., Samah, K., & Moeloek, N. D. F. (2025). Fatigue and Lack of Vigors as a Frequent Work Stress among Financial Workers in Indonesia. Frontiers in Public Health, 13, 1563563.
Sansovini, E., & Magida, A. (2025). Effect of digital technologies on employee wellbeing and mental health. Behaviour and Information Technology, 44(18). https://doi.org/10.1080/0144929X.2025.2483795
Schlenger, W., Jöllenbeck, M., Stamer, T., Grosse, A., & Ochsmann, E. (2022). Digitizing Social Counseling—Insights for Workplace Health Management. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 19(2). https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19020917
Sendek Anteneh, D., Kelkay, J. M., Wubneh, H. D., Beshir, M. A., & Gashu, K. D. (2025). Intention to use digital-based psychosocial counseling and its predictors among students in University of Gondar, Northwest Ethiopia, 2023: Using modified unified theory of acceptance and use of technology model. SAGE Open Medicine, 13, 20503121241307136.
Silmy, R. A. (2024). Menguak Tantangan dan Persiapan Konselor dalam Rangka Menuju Indonesia Emas 2045. MODELING: Jurnal Program Studi PGMI, 11(2), 210–220.
Swartz, M. K. (2021). PRISMA 2020: an update. Journal of Pediatric Health Care, 35(4), 351.
Umar, F. A., & Salahudin, A. (2025). Opportunities, Challenges, and the Urgent Role of Guidance and Counseling in the ASEAN Economic Community (AEC) Era. Indonesian Journal of Guidance and Counseling Studies, 2(1). https://doi.org/10.64420/ijgcs.v2i1.234
Xiao, Y., & Watson, M. (2019). Guidance on conducting a systematic literature review. Journal of Planning Education and Research, 39(1), 93–112.
Zega, E. A., & Zona, M. A. (2024). The Influence of Work-Life Balance on Psychological Well-Being Moderated by Satisfaction with Coworkers in Gen Z Employees in Startup Companies in Padang City. International Journal of Economics and Management Research, 3(3), 144–157.
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
Article Metrics
Abstract view : 0 timesPdf - 578 times












