Project Based Learning: Model Pembelajaran dalam Meningkatkan Keterampilan Berpikir Kritis Anak Usia Dini

Abstract

The low critical thinking skills of children aged 5–6 years require an appropriate learning model. The project-based learning model is a child-centered approach that provides direct experiences for children. The purpose of this study was to improve the critical thinking skills of children aged 5–6 years through the project-based learning model at Sinarmulya Playgroup. This study is classroom action research using the Kemmis and Taggart model, conducted in two cycles. The study subjects were 11 children aged 5–6 years at Sinarmulya Playgroup. Data were collected through observation, interviews, and documentation and analyzed using quantitative and qualitative methods. The results showed that, before the intervention, children's critical thinking development was as follows: Not Developing—60.80%, Starting to Develop—27.40%, and Developing According to Expectations—11.80%. After implementing cycles I and II using the project-based learning model, children's critical thinking skills—measured by indicators such as making observations, asking questions, expressing opinions, connecting cause and effect, classifying by type, conducting experiments, identifying similarities and differences, proposing alternative solutions, and drawing conclusions—increased to: Starting to Develop – 6.40%, Developing According to Expectations – 62.70%, and Developing Very Well – 31%. In cycles I and II, the results showed that the project-based learning model can improve children's critical thinking skills.