Copyright:

Authors who publish their manuscripts in this Journal agree to the following conditions:

The copyright for any article in the JLER: Journal of Language Education Research is fully held by the author under a Creative Commons CC BY 4.0 license.

1. The author acknowledges that JLER: Journal of Language Education Research has the right to publish for the first time with a Licence Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License/ CC BY 4.0.
2. Authors can enter writings separately, arrange non-exclusive distribution of manuscripts that have been published in this journal into other versions (eg sent to the author's institutional repository, publication in a book, etc.), by acknowledging that the manuscript has been published for the first time in the JLER: Journal of Language Education Research.

Licence:

JLER: Journal of Language Education Research published under the terms of a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License/ CC BY 4.0 This license permits anyone to copy and redistribute this material in any form or format, compose, modify, and make derivative works of this material for any purpose, including commercial purposes, so long as they include credit to the Author of the original work.